Standardized Tests :: Standardized Testing Essays

Standardized tests be very common throughout the United States. They are used to measure students academic performances in school. These tests vary from state to state in all grade levels. However, these tests are believed to be biased towards those students who come from higher-class neighborhoods, simply because they have more educational resources. The absence of standards virtually guarantees stratified resources and access to knowledge, based upon income, color of skin, and the community and neighborhood in which one lives (French, 2003). The resources in the suburban areas differ from those in the urban areas, because of the gap within the difference of incomes. Families dungeon in suburban neighborhoods have a bigger income, which enables them to have more resources than those living in urban neighborhoods. just about educational resources come from taxes, which plays a big part in the gap between urban and suburban neighborhoods. This gap causes a disadvantage to those in dividuals living in lower class neighborhoods, because they do not see or have as many resources as those living in the suburbs. Because of the lack of resources that are provided to those living in the lower-class neighborhoods they are not as prepared for the standardized tests as their higher-class counterparts. These standardized tests are seeing new standards every couple of years or so. Some of the new standards include, students receiving a certain score in the tested subject areas in order to refrain from failing and being kept up(p) in the same grade, or even going to summer school just to be promoted. Are these standards helping or hurting? It is hard to swear whether these tests are efficient in assessing a students knowledge. There have been studies done that shows how students perform contributes to a number of factors. Students are individuals just as adults and can easily slip up on a test, just as many adults have done because of numerous reasons. They suffer from stress, lack of sleep, how they are feeling, whether they ate, and many other reasons. These influences most dramatically affect low-income students and students of color (French, 2003). From the rise of immigration there have been tests (IQ and Stanford-Binet) that were used to sort and track students based on race and income. According to a study it has been concluded that these tests will continue to hinder the ability of Black and Latino students to graduate from high school (Orfield and Wald, 2000 Haney, 1999 McNeil, 2000).

Do not go gentle into that good night :: Analysis, Dylan Thomas

Dylan Thomas poem Do non go gentle into that good night is about a sons bereavework forcet and the acceptance of his come dying. Thomas knows death is inevitable, therefore, he uses persuasion to get his start to rage, rage against the dying of the light (Line 3). Villanelle poems require two repeating rhyme schemes. Thomas helps the reader visualize dark and light. Wise men know dark is right (4). Wild men sang the sun in flight/do not go gentle into that good night (10,12). Eyesblaze like meteors (14).Thomas uses examples of different characters, and how they, too, find ways to keep fighting the oncoming of death. ira and frustration sets the tone of Thomas, for he wants his contract to live and not succumb up on look. Additionally, Thomas is fearful on how he is dealing with his fathers inescapable demise. While men of differences men may learn too late, and lament their lack of foresight, even they do not go light into the night, instead they rage, rage against the dying of the light (18, 19). Through, Thomas use of building blocks like form and symbol he creates an observation of one mans last resort to begging his father to not give into death. True, Thomas is angry, but no child wants to lose a parent. Emotion is not an indulgent task for men, in general. More over, crying is a sign of weakness. Thomas father is dying and naturally, Thomas is having a tough time accepting his fathers death. Thomas wants his father to understand that even his old age should burn and rage at close of day (2). Meaning, he should not give up without a fight. During the first stanza, Thomas is speaking directly to his father. While, Thomas tone is tender toward his father, but in reality, it is a plea that he not go gentle into that good night (1). Next, Thomas creates the picture using of scenarios using men of different characters to show his father he, too, can find a reason not to give up. Thomas two interchangeable rhyming sentences, necessary for this villane lle poem, ending with night and light show the reader Wise men know dark is right (4). Yet, as death approaches their words had forked no lightning (5). Therefore, just as they know death is a part of life and they accept this, when it is their turn they choose to put up a fight.

Victors Destruction in Mary Shelleys Frankenstein Essay -- Frankenst

originals Destruction in Mary Shelleys Frankenstein Mary Shelley, in her book Frankenstein, makes several allusions to the fact that Victor Frankenstein is usurping the role of God in bringing his creature to life. The point of the book seems to be that a human who attempts to usurp the role of God will be heavily punished. Victor Frankenstein is severely punished. He loses everyone he loves before perishing himself in the arctic wastes. But did he really play God or did he merely unleash his own id and destroy himself?Allusions to Frankensteins identification with God are sprinkled liberally throughout the book. From an early age Frankenstein identifies himself with God through his study of metaphysics. It was the secrets of promised land and earth that I desired to learn (23), Frankenstein says. From an early age it was the metaphysical secrets of life and death that obsessed Frankenstein. It was this interest that led him to study the alchemists. A select that he believed brou ght about his own downfall.Frankenstein fears for his sanity. He exhorts us more than once to remember that he is not recounting the visions of a madman (37). Yet he fears so much that he will be thought mad that he doesnt reveal that his creature killed William, sluice though it means the death of Justine, who was falsely convicted of the murder. Frankenstein protests his own sanity so strenuously throughout the book that one begins to wonder if he is, in fact sane.The image of Frankenstein as God is reinforce in the dialog between Victor and the creature when they meet on the summit of Montanvert (Chapter 10). The creature saysI am thy creature, and I will be even mild and docile to my natural lord and king if thou wilt also perfo... ...d friend, and the destined mate -- rivals for the affection of his parents and for success. It is significant that Frankenstein, although he knows of the creatures threats, does nothing to cherish Elizabeth on their wedding night. In this way he is complicit in her death, and in his own destruction.Frankenstein spends the rest of his life chasing the creature. He seems to want to confront and kill him, save it is not destined to be. In reality Frankenstein ostracizes himself from human society, even traveling to the uninhabitable North Pole. He never catches his creature. Instead he wears himself out, dying more of guilt and exhaustion than anything else. The creature, freed by Victors death, retreats from the inhabited world searching for the death that he hopes will bring him relief.Works CitedShelley, Mary, Frankenstein. (Bantam Classics, NY), 1981.

The Differences between Hypertext and the Printed Page :: Art Painting Language Essays

The Differences between Hypertext and the Printed PageTwo painters, alone in the night, fervently work on their objets dart. One, concerned with borders and lines, and the obviousness of it all, creates on her test a network of lines, circles, and primary colors. The other, thinking more about the medium (or rather the way she can master the colors and images), whimsically lets her hands purge on the surface, combining hues and smudging shapes. As the sun peaks its head over the hillside, each artist will have created her own oeuvre. Networks of lines and shapes, blurred lines and indistinguishable endings, like the photographs, hypertext has achieved that analogous structure. The goal of hypertext, it would seem, is to create works of increasing abstraction so that the way in which we relate to a written work gradually moves away from its informational study to the object, in and of itself. The transition is, by far, not an easy one. The academy is fraught with controver sy over the obscurity of the hypertext medium. Landow, in his section of Hyper/Text/Theory authorise Whats a Critic to Do?, attempts to reconcile the differences between hypertext and the printed pagedifferences that are as blatant, yet as subtle, as those between an abstract painting and an impressionist painting. The blurred edges of hypertext are represented by the concept of seemingly indistinguishable authorship. The author function becomes less significant as hypertext modes of textuality allow for a cacophony of voices to be included in each work. In contrast to the read-only versions of hypertext (those which cannot be annotated or amended), networked textuality allows for greater flexibility. The particular importance of networked textualitythat is, textuality written, stored, and read on a computer networkappears when technology transforms readers into reader-authors or wreaders, because any contribution, any change in the web created by one reader, quickly become s available to other readers. This great power to write within a particular web in turn transforms comments from private notes, such as one takes in margins of ones own copy of a text, into public statements than, especially within educational settings, have powerfully democratizing effects (Landow 14). Hypertextual liberation comes from the shift from an expressive author who bears his or her soul in writing, to a community of voices who individually shape the text.

consumer behavior Essay -- essays research papers

Conceptualizing InvolvementThe plethora of consumer behavior and social psychological literature on involvement suggests considerable interest in this construct. in that respect has not, however, been a common conceptual ormethodological framework to its examination in either literature (Laaksonen, 1994 Jain and Srinivasen, 1990 Rothschild, 1984 Zaichkowsky, 1985 Traylor and Joseph, 1984).Three main perspectives of involvement atomic number 18 evident in extant literature intersection point-centered, subject-centered and response centered orientations (Finn, 1983).The product-centered perspective defines involvement as the perceived importance of the product to the consumer, i.e. whether the product is trivial and, therefore, unimportant, or serious and thus important.The subject-centered view maintains that consumers differ in terms of involvement-type variables. Three sub-groupings of subject-centered definitions have been postulated. They include interest/importance, relevancy (goals/consequences) and commitment (ego involvement). In this perspective, involvement has been delimitate as either the level of interest the consumer has in a product category or how important it is to her the level a consumer is involved with a product in so far as it is related to some achievable end or concerns information that will directly impact on them and, the level of commitment the consumer exhibits with respect to her position on an issue (Greenwald and Leavitt, 1984 Rothschild, 1984 Simon, 1967). The final alternative perspective views involvement as response-centered. This view holds that involvement is the active participation in information processing (Engel and Blackwell, 1982 Bettman, 1979).Despite the many and varied definitions of consumer involvement that have emerged in the literature, two common ideas emerge first, involvement is a multi-dimensional construct(McQuarrie and Munson, 1986 Laurent and Kapferer, 1985), and, second, it is a motivational force wh ich can help explain various behavioral outcomes, (for example, number and type ofchoice criteria, extensiveness of information search, length of decision-making process, variety seeking, and brand switching). The multi-dimensional horizon of involvement has been demonstrated by various researchers who suggest that the dimensions includenormative involvement - the importance of product class to values, emotions, and ... ...rable groups to take control of their reproductive health. To mitigate public health, social selling focuses on changing prevailing attitudes and behaviors at all levels. In order to do this, people must believe that they be at risk. They must feel confident they have the power to change their own behavior, and new behavior must be compatible with prevailing heathen norms. In addition, health providers and retailers must often be convinced that the products and services being promoted are needed, safe and socially acceptable. Increased health impact. complai sant marketing is considered one of the most effective types of public health interventions because it offers measurable results. The ultimate goal of social marketing is social impact. In the area of public health, this translates into reduce risky or unhealthy behaviors that can in turn have an impact on the spread of diseases, chronic malnutrition or uncontrolled birth rates. Social marketing impact is often measured in terms of CYP (contraceptive years of protection), reduced prevalence of diseases such as sexually transmitted infections, malaria and food-borne diarrhea, or change magnitude number of patients at network clinics.

consumer behavior Essay -- essays research papers

Conceptualizing InvolvementThe plethora of consumer behavior and social psychological literature on betrothal suggests considerable interest in this urinate. There has not, however, been a common conceptual ormethodological framework to its examination in either literature (Laaksonen, 1994 Jain and Srinivasen, 1990 Rothschild, 1984 Zaichkowsky, 1985 Traylor and Joseph, 1984).Three main perspectives of stake are evident in extant literature product-centered, subject-centered and response centered orientations (Finn, 1983).The product-centered perspective defines involvement as the perceived importance of the product to the consumer, i.e. whether the product is unavailing and, therefore, unimportant, or serious and thus important.The subject-centered view maintains that consumers differ in terms of involvement-type variables. Three sub-groupings of subject-centered definitions have been postulated. They include interest/importance, relevancy (goals/consequences) and commitment (eg o involvement). In this perspective, involvement has been defined as either the level of interest the consumer has in a product category or how important it is to her the level a consumer is involved with a product in so far as it is related to some achievable end or concerns information that will directly impact on them and, the level of commitment the consumer exhibits with respect to her position on an issue (Greenwald and Leavitt, 1984 Rothschild, 1984 Simon, 1967). The final alternative perspective views involvement as response-centered. This view holds that involvement is the active familiarity in information processing (Engel and Blackwell, 1982 Bettman, 1979).Despite the many and varied definitions of consumer involvement that have emerged in the literature, two common ideas emerge first, involvement is a multi-dimensional construct(McQuarrie and Munson, 1986 Laurent and Kapferer, 1985), and, second, it is a motivational force which can help explain various behavioral outco mes, (for example, number and type ofchoice criteria, extensiveness of information search, length of decision-making process, variety seeking, and scrape switching). The multi-dimensional aspect of involvement has been demonstrated by various researchers who suggest that the dimensions includenormative involvement - the importance of product class to values, emotions, and ... ...rable groups to take control of their generative health. To improve worldly concern health, social marketing focuses on changing rife attitudes and behaviors at all levels. In order to do this, people must entrust that they are at risk. They must feel confident they have the power to change their own behavior, and new behavior must be compatible with prevailingcultural norms. In addition, health providers and retailers must often be convinced that the products and services being promoted are needed, safe and socially acceptable. Increased health impact. tender marketing is considered one of the most e ffective types of public health interventions because it offers measurable results. The ultimate goal of social marketing is social impact. In the area of public health, this translates into reduced risky or unhealthy behaviors that can in turn have an impact on the spread of diseases, chronic malnutrition or uncontrolled brook rates. Social marketing impact is often measured in terms of CYP (contraceptive years of protection), reduced prevalence of diseases such as sexually transmitted infections, malaria and food-borne diarrhea, or increased number of patients at network clinics.

How to Plan an Event

10 STEPS TO PLAN AN EVENT A BASIC PROCEDURAL OUTLINE TO CONSIDER WHEN PLANNING AN EVENT OR ACTIVITY STEP 1 STEP 2 Identify what type of military issue/activity you would like to do. Determine the goals of the issue and what you would like to accomplish. Define your objectives and outcomes of the event or activity. Identify the target audience and event emphasis Education, Health etc. STEP 3 STEP 4 Decide on a date and time for the event or activity. Consider locations and types of facilities to host event. Determine the use of space and or seating arrangement and capacity required for the event or activity.Decide who go away be amenable to secure the facility and be the event coordinator. STEP 5 Consider establishing partnerships with other organizations or people to back up with the execution of the event. Identify their role when determining key decisions. STEP 6 Create an event/program budget. Identify the sources and amounts of latent revenue and expenses. Revise for picto rial and necessary true cost and revenue updates. STEP 7 Create an event timeline. Outline all essential decisions/activities in a time resultant order from the point of initial consideration to decision being finalized and decisions being executed.Document who is responsible for each function. Communicate the timeline to everyone involved in the planning or fulfillment of the event. STEP 8 Determine Key Decisions Program Determine the order of activities that need to occur at the event or activity. 1 Determine who will perform or execute the agenda items. Determine if a published program is necessary. If so decide who will create and print the program. Presentation(s)/ Speakers Identify the topics of data to be shared. Determine if presenters/speakers are needed.If so identify electric potential presenters or speakers to invite to participate. Decide on the time frame for each presentation or speech. Decide the type of communication that should transpire with the presenters/spe aker, when it should occur and who will be responsible to execute and follow-up. Equipment Identify what equipment is necessary for the event or activity. Identify potential sources to secure needed equipment. Evaluate the cost of the equipment. Decide who will be responsible for the pick up and return of the equipment.Materials Determine what materials are needed, and identify potential sources to purchase them. Decide who will be responsible for purchasing, preparing and storing the materials. Awards Determine who will receive awards presenters/speakers. Decide on awards items and identify sources to purchase them. Decide who will be responsible for purchasing awards and presenting them. Public Relations Identify the method(s) which will be used to publicize the event or activity. Decide who will be responsible for the development of invitations, flyers, press releases, emails, etc.Decide who will be the contact for public inquires on the event or activity. 2 Decide who will be r esponsible to unfold the types of information on the event or activity. Internal Communication Determine the method of communication to the people within the organization to inform them, include them and throw out them to participate. For instance communicating by email, newsletter etc. STEP 9 Take into consideration these special additions/items if needed Food Music Decorations Flowers Photography/ photo Clean up STEP 10 You have planned well and are ready to go. Have a Successful Event 3

A Review of American History

The Spanish-American war started with the declaration of war on April 25, 1898 by the United States on Spain following several incidents.These two incidents that prompted US President Mckinley to ask sexual intercourse for a declaration of war was the sinking of the American Battleship Maine in Havana harbor with 260 people and the interception of a private letter written by Spanish Minister Dupuy De Lome in Washington describing Mckinley as a weak man and a bidder for the admiration of the crowd (Brinkley, 320).This stirred and fan the American publics uproar against the Spanish brutal occupation of Cuba and many Americans initially supported the war initiative.Meanwhile, during this time in history, a lot of planetary stirrings were already prompting the other superpowers to slice the global cake with vulnerable continents and countries like Africa and the weak Chinese Empire. The US government has had its taste of conquering so called dependent people the American Indians. This experience and the expansionist moves of the other superpowers started the US expansionism tendencies which were further stoked by the so called yellow press or sensationalist journalism.Meanwhile, immense American businesses have also been expanding overseas beyond American boundaries in search of sources of raw materials, cheap labor and market for its own products.Thus, when the two incidents (Maine and Dupuys letter) occurred almost simultaneously, the opportunity to intervene in Cuban affairs presented itself with the overwhelming support of the American public and added pressure from the American business community who has gigantic investments in Cuba. Soon, the war against Spain reached not only the shores of Cuba exclusively also Puerto Rico, the Philippine Islands, Guam, and other islands like Hawaii and Alaska.While the sensationalism of the news from Cuba stirred the American populaces support, it was in the same manner through the news wire that American public le arned about the brutal annexation of the Philippine islands and the oppression of its rebellion for freedom initially fought against its Spanish rulers, then later on, with its new colonizers the US government.No less than the famous American author Mark Twain objected to the colonization of the Philippines knowing that like the Cuban rebels, there was an organized Filipino rebellion against Spain prior to the intrusion of the US government into the Philippine islands. Mark twain openly pointed out the enormous contradictions between the US claim of benevolent foreign policy and its brutal occupation of the islands.When US involvement became progressively more gruelling to justify, and eventually came to be defended on the grounds that the U.S. could not retire from it without suffering dishonor according to then President McKinley, Twain advocated the position that An inglorious placidity is better than a dishonorable war (Cushing, 1998).Meanwhile, the war in Cuba was referred to as a splendid little war by Secretary of State bath Hay (Brinkley, 320). The war was over in as little as four months. The actual battlefield casualties on the Americans side were 460 but about 5,200 died of diseases (Brinkley, 320). The joint forces of the Cuban rebels and the American Naval blockade already toppled whatever little resistance the Spanish forces mustered to put up.According to Brinkleys chronology of events (321), the U.S. troops win four decisive battles within a week. The war ended with the signing of the Treaty of Paris on December 10, 1898. What begun as a war to garter the Cubans free themselves from Spains brutal government ended up as the US government practically wrangling control over Spains origin colonies Cuba, the Philippine Islands and Puerto Rico in 1917.At this time, many Americans who first supported the efforts against Spain now swayed public opinion against the continuing US expansionism and brutal annexation of other countries. The reliab le colors and objectives of the US going to war to help the Cuban rebels swiftly shifted not long after the war was declared.

In Dr. Cloud’s book Essay

In Dr. haze overs book, the concept of wake is the next in a serial of important concepts in business. This concept affects how a psyche works within an organization, and includes everything that he does, both in business and interpersonal relationships. A persons wake is the most important thing about him or her in terms of business, and it will determine his or her overall success. The wake is the legacy that a person leaves behind in a business situation (or, really, in any situation).It consists of everything a person does, both in business and interpersonally. For example, a person whitethorn help his team meet their goals quickly and efficiently, achieve high sales numbers, and further the companys other goals and missions. These would be examples from the business side. A person may also leave his team feeling happy to have worked with him, inspired to work harder, and feeling good about meeting their goals. These atomic number 18 examples from the interpersonal side. How ever, it is also possible that someone may non do so well in one or both of these areas.Someone may be a great salesman who is achieving goals quickly and making large amounts of money for the company, solely who upsets almost everyone he works with, as in Dr. Clouds example. This type of persons wake moldiness be considered from all angles. What is the person really worth to the company? If his sales numbers are great, but no one wants to work with him and people spend a lot of time complaining about him, then the lost productivity may not be worth the amount of sales he is making. His interpersonal wake is poor. Dr. Cloud emphasizes the role of character is the wake.A person must have strong character in order to have a good wake. For example, the CEO in the book was not a unfavorable person, or a bad leader in most respects. He treated his people fairly and people were glad to work with him. He also seemed (from what information there was) to be doing good things for the compa ny. However, he had a weak character when it came to dealing with problems. Because the CEO did not react quickly enough by either disciplining or sackful the sales VP, he lost the confidence of a large portion of his team and the board members, and had to leave the company.Had he been willing to handle the problem earlier, this great power not have happened. As he was leaving, the company probably did not look favorably upon his wake, no matter how many other good things he had done for the company. Dr. Cloud goes on to emphasize that character is the ability to meet the demands of reality. This means a number of things. When a senior staff member is hiring a refreshful team member, especially in a higher-importance job, the staff member needs to make sure that the person can meet the demands of the companys reality.That means that regardless of the persons abilities, they must be a good fit for the company. Whats even more important is that the person must be a good fit for th e particular job and its responsibilities. There is a good example of this, too. Dr. Cloud called some references when he was hiring a new person for an important position. The references were very pleased with the work the woman had done, and people had worked well with her. Her weaknesses were not considered to be large issues, and most importantly, they would hire her again, knowing what they knew.Dr. Cloud ensured that this person would be a good fit by checking to see what wake she had left at her previous jobs. The primary point is this it is the personal aspects of character, and the wake, that are most important. Business issues can be overcome by someone, under some set of circumstances. But whether or not a person is furnished to deal with the stress of those situations is another matter. A persons character and the wake they leave behind when working with others is the most important part of whether or not they will succeed.

Band of Brothers, Easy Company

The young men of Easy Company were ordinary citizens turned soldiers. Some of them worked in agricultural farms or coalmines. Others lived in the mountain and few were sons of the Deep South. Some came from very poor families while others were raised from the middle class (Gerjevic 2006). These were just few of the brave men who composed the Easy Company, 506th regiment of the 101st Airinnate(p)e Division, U. S. Army. In 1942, the Easy Company was created and underwent basic training in Camp Toccoa, Georgia.The training included climbing the Currahee Mountain. They were the young volunteers seeking for thrill, honor, bloodline of income and dreamed of attaining higher level than a draftee. The training was rigid and required great physical effort. After nine months of hard training, they prepared the invasion of Hitlers fortress (Ambrose, Simon and Schuster 2006). At about 1 a. m. June 6, 1944, came D-Day, they silently smoked, talked in whispers and uttered short prayers as they bo ard the C-47s. Each man was in full difference of opinion gear.They were ready to fulfill their delicate mission (Gerjevic 2006). The Band of Brothers successfully did their assigned role in the D-Day invasion where they parachuted into Normandy, overpowered a German defense line on Utah Beach, head the force that entered into Carentan, led the fighting in Holland, captured an area in Bastogne, bravely led the counteroffensive in the Battle of the Bulge and finally overran Hitlers Eagles Nest at Berchtesgaden (Webster 2006). The Easy Company suffered physical as well as mental casualties.Overall, the Band of Brothers successfully made it and they were entitle American heroes. The war was a story on how draftee citizen soldiers conquered well-trained German opponent such as the Wehrmach and S. S (Ambrose, Simon and Schuster 2006). The Band of Brothers, Easy Company was born in 1942. Their contribution in the success of America in their three years in the war cannot be underestimate d. Their courage, endurance and dedication towards the interest of the state of matter have earned them a place in Americas great history.The Band of Brothers is worthy to be considered as one of the greatest phalanx unit that the United States of America ever had. Work Cited Gerjevic, Sandi, Band of Brothers, accessed December 5, 2006, http//www. sandigerjevic. com/brothers. html Ambrose, Stephen, Simon & Schuster, Band of Brothers, accessed on December 5, 2006, http//www. bookreporter. com/reviews/0671867369. asp Webster, David Kenyon, accessed December 5, 2006, http//www. davidkenyonwebster. com/

A place you would love to return to again

I would love to go back to Mumbai in India, if I ever get a chance. Mumbai is single of the metropolitan cities of India. It is famous for its warm people, moderate climate, Elephanta Caves and beaches like Chawpatti, Juhu and Marine drive.It is the capital of the state of Maharashtra. Seven islands whose names are Colaba, Mahim, Parel, Mazagaon, Old Womans Island, Wadala, and Matunga-Sion join together to forge Mumbai. It is a city which is close to the Arabian Sea. It is also called Bollywood city, where most of the actors and actresses of the Hindi film industry live. I would love to return to this turn out because I suffer spent a memorable childhood in this city.Mumbai is very close to my heart. I got an opportunity to visit this amaze when I was studying in school. The set out looked very beautiful in the eyes of a 9 yr old girl. We lived far from the city centre. There were mountains at the backdrop and when it rained, I could enter the waterfalls from the window of my house.There were coconut tree all around which also added to the beauty. There was also a playing ground nearby where I played with other kids of my age. The place looked attractive to me because it was totally different from the place where we lived before we came here. In Mumbai I loved the open space it provided and of course the mountains.I have lovely childhood memories of Mumbai. I spend my school days in this city. I think this is one of the reasons that I love this place so much. I made many an(prenominal) friends in this place. My best was a girl from Mumbai.I knew her from my school days she studied with me in the same school. We remained friends for many years, even afterwards I returned to Kolkata, my native place. I met girls and boys of different culture and background and had the opportunity to enjoy many parties, picnics and trips together.I still remember some activities that my family and I did in Mumbai, which was never possible in Kolkata as my father became very busy with his work. On holidays and summer vacations, we visited many places like the zoo, the Gate of India, Ajanta Ellora caves and Elephanta Caves.We also visited a nearby hill station called Bahabaleshwar and Goa, an exquisite place near Mumbai. I remember that most of the days after dinner we use to go for a walk. On the way there were many ice-cream stable and my father forever bought ice-creams for us. I also enjoyed different Indian festivals like Diwali, Durga Puja, Holi and Ganesh Puja.As a Bengali, we were away from home(a) but the place felt like home to us because there were Bengali associations and our main festival, Durga Puja was celebrated in a grand way. Puja brought joy for me because I got new clothes and sweets.My mother always insisted that I and my sister participate in cultural functions. It was a good experience. I doubt that I was a good performer but I always receive loads of applauses from the audience. I grew up and because of my studies I did no t have enough time to participate in such cultural activities anymore after we returned to our native land.I know that Mumbai has grown a lot as a city in the past few years but I remember the place as I have seen seventeen year ago. I can still visualize my house, the playground, the mountains and the bright springs.Sometimes I fear that if I ever return to the city, I wont be able to recognize and accept the changes that have taken place. Moreover my friends and other people whom I have known, most of them have moved elsewhere or have changed with time. However I still wish to go back and visit the place where I have spend my childhood days. It would give me immense pleasure to re-live my childhood again.Work CitationMumbai Travel Guide. 8 November 2007. http//www.mumbai.org.uk/

Critically Analysis Of Professional Development Education Essay

Committed to a certain criterions of behavior is called the sea captainism. This declaration is force us more(prenominal) productive as a whole. This pro cognition that people see you in your manus as a messenger of their Company, section, concern, community, etc. It is Professional s duty to act in the ways that brings recognition to themselves and more significantly to the organisation. If we think somewhat the features of communicating. Communication is merchandiseant in my definition of professionalism because, communicating is frequently the solution of all jobs. In order to be deafening in concern all(prenominal) bingle has to be satisfied with their occupation and atmosphere. Communication gives workers the chance to province their sentiments, concerns, or encouragement. It helps people work more expeditiously as section, therefore doing concerns blossom. Many qualities cause up a individual s character. Equally unplayful as Honesty is really of import in portraying go od character because it helps a individual to derive the trust of others. In a good working environment people create to number on each other for many things, and being an honest individual makes it a batch easier. Once trust is lost, it is difficult to derive back. authorization is a key to being a professional. A confident individual who has the ability to manage every thing is non afraid to take a danger and at the entrepot of the twenty-four hours do a batch of money. Some hazards need to be taken particularly when the wages outweighs the hazard. Confident people resurrect the societal ladder and adapt to what unavoidably to be done in different countries. Assurance is frequently an property found in leaders and every company needs a leader. Respectfulness is something that should be nowadayss everyplace. Peoples should acknowledge their higher-ups and handle them with the extreme respectful manners. Respect should be given to your seniors, because you would anticipate the alike has to be done from your juniors.Performance wise I am bit weak of as Cyril o houle s demands as he is reference that in his frequent presentation features cognition and accomplishment base pattern for the personal organic evolution which can besides depict in pattern of your profession a bountiful male should be command of theoretical cognition which is come be association to work out the jobs easy so usage of practical cognition which I learnt in my yesteryear by sing the easy and difficult undertakings in my past life or by the professional surveies in the terminal he said self enhancement harmonizing to the professional by take parting the cognition base activities. For case, reading books, listserv treatment groups, newspapers etc. Continue professional instruction besides heighten the sense of professional association and individuality.Basically we are following the demands in other words every one is in race of demands, holding evolved everyplace 10s of 1000s of old ages. So I would wish to demo the maslow s hierarchy of demands motive theoretical account which is still legal in all oer the universe since 1940s-50 s.This theoretical account explains how these demands motivate us all. It shows us how we must hold to fulfill each demand in bend, get downing with the first, which deals with the most obvious demands for endurance itself. If lower order demands of physical and emotional wellbeing are satisfied so we need to disturbance about with the higher order demands of influence and personal development.3. Mention from old undertakingHarmonizing to my 1st undertaking of my assignment I had explained my formal professional development in the signifier of my analyzing in Bachelorette grade in calculating I did that in twelvemonth 2005, every bit good as in informal developments of my life. It helps me a batch in my life, to alter my life manner and nearing manner every bit good as how to manage the jobs more expeditiously and efficacious ly. But I have nt had any practical cognition in IT field but still I am seeking to acquire the higher degree of my professional abilities in information engineering which I result able to acquire by utilizing these techniques are below. Which I have found them in my Professional development category, these are really first-class for a professional s if they will use on his practical life.Reflected surveiesWhat is deliberateion or reflected surveies?As we know contemplation is an every twenty-four hours procedure as we interact with series of job which we face every twenty-four hours in our life. By snaping these inquiries What went good? What did nt? Why? How do I watch about it?It merely happens as interior whole toneings, ideas and emotions about something by and large. To undertake the jobs we think possibly we can take to make something otherwise, or non, as a consequence of reflecting, but contemplation is basically a sort of loose processing of ideas and tinctureings ab out an event. Any event or experience at all. Contemplation can be a more structured manner of processing in order to cover with jobs. This type of contemplation whitethorn take topographic point when we have had clip to be stand back from something, or speak it through, as in as on one contemplation, I think you might be right , or on the 2nd ideas, I realised he was more disquieted than me. If we deliberately reflect as portion of the function, there would be a unsmooth patterned advance of How did it travel? What went good? Why? What did nt? Why? What next? Examples might be of a cricket manager reflecting after a lucifer, a instructor reflecting on a lesson, or merely a parent believing about how best to cover with a adolescent. In this sort of contemplation, the purpose is to look profoundly at what happened, kind out what is truly traveling on and look into in deepness, in order to better, or alteration something for following clip.3.2 Key Necessities of a contemplation1. U nderstanding of an event We do nt ever larn from experiences. Contemplation is where we critically analyse our experiences.2. Standing back technique It could be hard while standing back but it is good technique with that you will gain or could acquire the hitter position of a state of affairs.3. Repeat Contemplation involves making one thing once more and once more to make a broader position of the incident to carry through accurately. Or it could assist you to look into the mistakes to change them in right manners.4. Endeavoring after true statement we acknowledge the truth of any state of affairs by endeavoring or delving deeper in the incident.5. Reviewing activities Contemplation can convey greater lucidity, if you see the same incident in same for your chance for case, seeing events reflected in a mirror. This can assist at any portion of planning, reexamining activities.6. Learning ability Contemplation is about larning and life grand learning and understanding in deepness of any thing. This includes deriving valuables knowledge that can non be merely taught .7. Decisions Contemplation is as constructing blocks of any incident for puff decisions in order develop an attack, scheme or motion.Contemplation is a type of believing associated with deep idea, aimed to accomplishing better understanding. It contains a mixture of some necessities3.3 Reflecting on your acquisitionIt can assist you take an nonsubjective position of your advancement and see what is traveling good and what needs to be emend or needs to alter for the following clip it is about future planning.3.4 Key inquiries to believe about as practising contemplation acquisition1. How did it travel? How do I experience about it?2. What went good, or OK? Why?3. What was non so good? Why?4. How could this have been done otherwise?5. What should I alter or work on for following clip? What would be the first measure?3.5 Advantages of contemplation acquisitionYou will experience that instantly so you would nt travel in front you will wait until every thing is all right, it helps you see what went good and give you spotlight on the positive side of an action every bit good as the more negative side of the action or event. Helps you to develop a problem-solving attack, instead than stand back believing about troubles. For case, it is really assistive to reflect when you receive feedback of on your assignment, as a manner of utilizing the feedback to alter or develop your attack.3. DecisionManner I have nt learnt decently? What were the hindered in my life? committal to writing merely for me means I can make up freely, ideas and feelings are expressed in a relaxed and informal manner. I can do leaps in my feeling and research connexions between ideas this composing a originative procedure that encourages me to develop new thoughts.Writing on a regular basis in a diary helps me to develop and experiment with my ain authorship manner. Puting thoughts into words is a important academic authorship accomplishment. It takes pattern to develop a manner you feel comfy with, and a diary is a good topographic point to take some hazards and seek out different voices . You do nt hold to soothe a batch at one time, but it does assist to compose small and frequently, if possible every twenty-four hours.It helps your assurance to look back over a diary and see advancement, how you have dealt with troubles, and how your thoughts have moved on.Develop your composing manner composing on a regular basis in aid you develop and experiment with your ain authorship manner. Puting thoughts into words is a critical academic authorship accomplishment. It takes pattern to develop a manner you feel comfy with, and a general is a good topographic point to take some hazards and seek out different ways. You do nt hold to compose a batch at one time, but it does assist to compose small and frequently, sooner every twenty-four hours. It helps your assurance to look back over author ship and see advancement, how you have dealt with troubles, and how your thoughts have moved on. It is really utile to hold a note of issues and questions you might desire to raise with a heap or other pupils. A general authorship is an of import record for look intoing back, and can assist you plan following stairss.

Prelude to Foundation Chapter 5 Upperside

TRANTOR- It is roughly never pictured as a world jutn from space. It has big since captured the general mind of human macrocosmseity as a world of the interior and the image is that of the human hive that existed under the bean plants. merely t present was an emerge(p) gateway as well and on that point atomic number 18 holographs that still remain that were startn from space and show vary degrees of devil ( fulfill Figures 14 and 15). note that the surface of the domes, the interface of the enormous city and the completely overlying atmosphither, a surface referred to in its time as Upperside, isEncyclopedia Galactica21.Yet the pursuance day raise Hari Seldon corroborate in the library. For unmatched occasion, at that place was his promise to Hummin. He had promised to try and he couldnt re both(prenominal)y well absorb it a half-hearted process. For a nonher, he owed roughlything to himself too. He resented having to admit adversity. Not yet, at leas t. Not while he could plausibly nonify himself he was fol uttering up leads. So he st bed at the list of reference book-films he had non yet checked through and tried to decide which of the unappetizing number had the slightest chance of being expedient to him. He had virtually decided that the answer was n mavin of the above and saw no way bulge step up totally if to sort at s healthys of each when he was startled by a gentle slant against the alcove wall.Seldon face uped up and entrap the embarrassed face of Lisung Randa peering at him around the edge of the alcove opening. Seldon knew Randa, had been introduced to him by Dors, and had dined with him (and with another(prenominal)wises) on several occasions. Randa, an instructor in psychology, was a micro man, short and plump, with a round happy face and an near perpetual smile. He had a sallow complexion and the narrowed eye so characteristic of people on millions of worlds. Seldon knew that appearance well, for in that respect were m all of the great mathematicians who had borne it, and he had frequently capturen their holograms. Yet on Helicon he had never reckonn nonpareilness of these Easterners. (By tradition they were called that, though no one knew wherefore and the Easterners themselves were verbalize to resent the term to some degree, vindicatory right away again no one knew why.)Theres millions of us here on Trantor, Randa had verbalize, smiling with no trace of self-consciousness, when Seldon, on first meeting him, had not been able to hamper all trace of startled surprise. Youll also find lots of Southerners-dark skins, tightly curled hair. Did you ever depend one?Not on Helicon, muttered Seldon.All Westerners on Helicon, eh? How dull further it doesnt matter. Takes all kinds. (He left Seldon wonder at the fact that there were Easterners, Southerners, and Westerners, save no Northerners. He had tried finding an answer to why that powerfulness be in his reference searches and had not succeeded.) And now Randas cracking-natured face was awaiting at him with an al virtually ludicrous look of concern. He verbalize, ar you all right, Seldon?Seldon stared. Yes, of course. why shouldnt I be?Im just sack by heavys, my friend. You were screaming.Screaming? Seldon looked at him with get throughended disbelief.Not loud. Like this. Randa gritted his teeth and emitted a throttle high-pitched sound from the back of his throat. If Im revile, I apologize for this unwarranted intrusion on you. Please concede me.Seldon hung his head. Youre for give inn, Lisung. I do groom for that sound sometimes, Im told. I assure you its unconscious. Im never informed of it.Are you aware why you make it?Yes. Frustration. Frustration.Randa beckoned Seldon closer and lowered his voice further. Were disturbing people. Lets convey out to the lounge onward were thr avow out.In the lounge, over a pair of mild drinks, Randa said, May I ask you, as a matter of prof essional interest, why you are determineing frustration?Seldon shrugged. Why does one usually feel frustration? Im tackling something in which I am making no progress.But youre a mathematician, Hari. Why should anything in the floor library frustrate you?What were you doing here?Passing through as part of a shortcut to where I was sledding when I comprehend you moaning. Now you see-and he smiled-its no commodious-term a shortcut, exactly a serious de stupefy-one that I welcome, however.I wish I were just highly through the history library, only when Im trying to solve a mathematical problem that requires some noesis of history and Im afraid Im not handling it well.Randa stared at Seldon with an unusually solemn expression on his face, consequently he said, Pardon me, but I essential run the risk of offending you now. Ive been computering you.Computering me Seldons eyes vastned. He matte up intelligibly angry.I let offended you. But, you know, I had an uncle who was a mathematician. You tycoon level(p) live heard of him Kiangtow Randa.Seldon drew in his breath. Are you a relative of that Randa?Yes. He is my fathers older brother and he was quite an displeased with me for not following in his footsteps-he has no children of his own. I ruling somehow that it efficiency please him that I had met a mathematician and I asked to boast of you-if I could-so I checked what development the mathematics library might have.I see. And thats what you were really doing there. Well-Im sorry. I dont intend you could do oft boasting.You suppose persecute. I was impressed. I couldnt make heads or tails of the subject matter of your papers, but somehow the entropy seemed to be very favorable. And when I checked the news files, I found you were at the Decennial Convention originally this yr. So whats psychohistory, anyway? Obviously, the first two syllables stir my remnant.I see you got that word out of it.Unless Im exclusively misled, it seemed to me that you can tempt out the future course of history.Seldon nodded wearily, That, more or less, is what psychohistory is or, quite a, what it is intended to be.But is it a serious study? Randa was smiling. You dont just throw sticks?Throw sticks?Thats just a reference to a stake played by children on my home planet of Hopara. The game is supposed to tell the future and if youre a smart kid, you can make a grave thing out of it. Tell a get under ones skin that her child go forth grow up beautiful and marry a rich man and its good for a piece of cake or a half-credit piece on the spot. She isnt liberation to wait and see if it comes current you are rewarded just for saying it.I see. No, I dont throw sticks. Psychohistory is just an abstract study. rigorously abstract. It has no hardheaded application at all, and-Now were getting to it. Exceptions are what are interesting.Except that I would the worrys of to work out such an application. Perhaps if I knew more about histor y-Ah, that is why you are reading history?Yes, but it does me no good, said Seldon sadly. There is too much history and there is too little of it that is told.And thats whats frustrating you?Seldon nodded.Randa said, But, Hari, youve only been here a matter of weeks.True, but already I can see-You cant see anything in a fewer weeks. You may have to spend your whole animation making one little advance. It may take many generations of work by many mathematicians to make a real inroad on the problem.I know that, Lisung, but that doesnt make me feel better. I want to make some visible progress myself.Well, driving yourself to distraction wont help either. If it go out make you feel better, I can give you an example of a subject much less complex than human history that people have been working for I dont know how long without making much progress. I know because a group is working on it right here at the University and one of my good friends is involved. Talk about frustration You do nt know what frustration isWhats the subject? Seldon felt a small curiosity stirring within him.weather forecasting.Meteorology Seldon felt revolted at the anticlimax.Dont make faces. Look. any inhabited world has an atmosphere. Every world has its own atmospheric composition, its own temperature range, its own rotation and revolution rate, its own axial tipping, its own let down-water distribution. Weve got twenty quintet million divergent problems and no one has succeeded in finding a generalization. thats because atmospheric behavior easily enters a chaotic phase. Everyone knows that.So my friend Jenarr Leggen says. Youve met him.Seldon considered. Tall fellow? Long intrude? Doesnt speak much?Thats the one.-And Trantor itself is a bigger puzzle than intimately any world. According to the records, it had a slightly normal weather pattern when it was first settled. Then, as the population grew and urbanization spread, more slide fastener was use and more heat was discharge d into the atmosphere. The ice cover contracted, the cloud layer thickened, and the weather got lousier. That encouraged the figurehead underground and set off a vicious cycle. The worse the weather got, the more eagerly the disgrace was dug into and the domes built and the weather got still worse. Now the planet has become a world of almost incessant cloudiness and frequent rains-or snows when its cold enough. The only thing is that no one can work it out properly. No one has worked out an analysis that can explain why the weather has deteriorated quite as it has or how one can reasonably predict the details of its day-to-day changes.Seldon shrugged. Is that sort of thing important?To a meteorologist it is. Why cant they be as frustrated over their problems as you are over yours? Dont be a project chauvinist.Seldon remembered the cloudiness and the dank chill on the way to the Emperors Palace.He said, So whats being done about it?Well, theres a big project on the matter here at t he University and Jenarr Leggen is part of it. They feel that if they can understand the weather change on Trantor, they will learn a great deal about the basic laws of general meteorology. Leggen wants that as much as you want your laws of psychohistory. So he has set up an incredible array of instruments of all kinds Upperside you know, above the domes. It hasnt helped them so far. And if theres so much work being done for many generations on the atmosphere, without results, how can you complain that you havent gotten anything out of human history in a few weeks?Randa was right, Seldon thought, and he himself was being unreasonable and wrong. And yet and yet Hummin would say that this failure in the scientific attack on problems was another sign of the degeneration of the times. Perhaps he was right, also, except that he was speaking of a general degeneration and average effect. Seldon felt no degeneration of office and affableity in himself.He said with some interest thus, You mean that people climb up out of the domes and into the open air above?Yes. Upperside. Its a funny thing, though. Most native Trantorians wont do it. They dont like to go Upperside. The idea gives them vertigo or something. Most of those working on the meteorology project are Outworlders.Seldon looked out of the window and the lawns and small garden of the University campus, brilliantly lit without shadows or oppressive heat, and said thoughtfully, I dont know that I can blame Trantorians for liking the comfort of being within, but I should reckon curiosity would drive some Upperside. It would drive me.Do you mean that you would like to see meteorology in action?I think I would. How does one get Upperside?Nothing to it. An elevator takes you up, a door opens, and there you are. Ive been up there. Its novel.It would get my mind off psychohistory for a while. Seldon sighed. Id welcome that.On the other hand, said Randy, my uncle used to say, All knowledge is one, and he may be right . You may learn something from meteorology that will help you with your psychohistory. Isnt that possible?Seldon smiled weakly. A great many things are possible. And to himself he added But not practical.22.Dors seemed amused. Meteorology?Seldon said, Yes. Theres work scheduled for tomorrow and Ill go up with them.Are you tired of history?Seldon nodded his head somberly. Yes, I am. Ill welcome the change. Besides, Randy says its another problem thats too massive for mathematics to handle and it will do me good to see that my property isnt unique.I hope youre not agoraphobic.Seldon smiled. No, Im not, but I see why you ask. Randy says that Trantorians are frequently agoraphobic and wont go Upperside. I imagine they feel uncomfortable without a protective enclosureDors nodded. You can see where that would be natural, but there are also many Trantorians who are to be found among the planets of the Galaxy-tourists, administrators, soldiers. And agoraphobia isnt particularly rare in the Outworlds either.That may be, Dors, but Im not agoraphobic. I am curious and I welcome the change, so Ill be joining them tomorrow.Dors hesitated. I should go up with you, but I have a heavy schedule tomorrow. And, if youre not agoraphobic, youll have no disturbance and youll probably enjoy yourself. Oh, and go on close to the meteorologists. Ive heard of people getting lost up there.Ill be careful. Its a long time since Ive gotten truly lost anywhere.23.Jenarr Leggen had a dark look about him. It was not so much his complexion, which was fair enough. It was not rase his eyebrows, which were thick and dark enough. It was, rather, that those eyebrows were hunched over hollow eyes and a long and rather prominent nose. He had, as a result, a most unmerry look. His eyes did not smile and when he spoke, which wasnt frequently, he had a deep, strong voice, surprisingly resonant for his rather thin body. He said, Youll need loosen uper clothing than that, Seldon.Seldon said, Oh? and looked about.There were two men and two women who were making ready to go up with Leggen and Seldon And, as in Leggens own case, their rather satiny Trantorian clothing was cover by thick sweaters that, not surprisingly, were brightly colored in bold designs. No two were even faintly alike, of course. Seldon looked down at himself and said, Sorry, I didnt know but I dont have any competent outer garment.I can give you one. I think theres a discontinue here somewhere.-Yes, here it is. A little threadbare, but its better than cryptograph.Wearing sweaters like these tan make you unpleasantly warm, said Seldon.Here they would, said Leggen. Other conditions exist Upperside. Cold and windy. Too bad I dont have spare leggings and boots for you too. Youll want them later.They were taking with them a cart of instruments, which they were testing one by one with what Seldon thought was uncalled-for slowness. Your home planet cold? asked Leggen.Seldon said, Parts of it, of course. The par t of Helicon I come from is mild and often rainy.Too bad. You wont like the weather Upperside.I think I can manage to endure it for the time well be up there.When they were ready, the group filed into an elevator that was marked OFFICIAL USE ONLY.Thats because it goes Upperside, said one of the younker women, and people arent supposed to be up there without good reason. Seldon had not met the young woman originally, but he had heard her addressed as Clowzia. He didnt know if that was a first name, a stretch out name, or a nickname. The elevator seemed no contrary from others that Seldon had been on, either here on Trantor or at home in Helicon (barring, of course, the gravitic lift he and Hummin had used), but there was something about knowing that it was going to take him out of the confines of the planet and into emptiness above that made it feel like a spaceship.Seldon smiled internally. A foolish fantasy.The elevator quivered slightly, which remind Seldon of Hummins forebodi ngs of Galactic decay. Leggen, along with the other men and one of the women, seemed rimed and waiting, as though they had suspended thought as well as activity until they could get out, but Clowzia kept glancing at him as though she found him terribly impressive.Seldon leaned close and whispered to her (he hesitated to disturb the others), Are we going up very high?High? she repeated. She spoke in a normal voice, ostensibly not feeling that the others required silence. She seemed very young and it occurred to Seldon that she was probably an undergraduate. An apprentice, perhaps.Were taking a long time. Upperside must be many stories high in the air.For a chip, she looked puzzled. Then, Oh no. Not high at all. We started very deep. The University is at a low level. We use a great deal of energy and if were quite deep, the energy costs are lower.Leggen said, All right. Were here. Lets get the equipment out.The elevator stopped with a small shudder and the wide door slid open rapid ly. The temperature dropped at once and Seldon thrust his hands into his pockets and was very glad he had a sweater on. A cold wind stirred his hair and it occurred to him that he would have found a hat useful and, even as he thought that, Leggen pulled something out of a fold in his sweater, snapped it open, and put it on his head. The others did the same.Only Clowzia hesitated. She paused just before she put hers on, then offered it to Seldon.Seldon shook his head. I cant take your hat, Clowzia.Go ahead. I have long hair and its pretty thick. Yours is short and a little thin.Seldon would have liked to deny that firmly and at another time he would have. Now, however, he took the hat and mumbled, convey you. If your head gets cold, Ill give it back.Maybe she wasnt so young. It was her round face, almost a baby face. And now that she had called precaution to her hair, he could see that it was a charming russet shade. He had never seen hair quite like that on Helicon.Outside it was cloudy, as it had been the time he was interpreted across open country to the Palace. It was well colder than it had been then, but he assumed that was because they were six weeks far into wintertime. The clouds were thicker than they had been on the earlier occasion and the day was distinctly darker and threatening-or was it just closer to iniquity? Surely, they wouldnt come up to do important work without release themselves an ample period of daylight to do it in. Or did they expect to take very little time? He would have liked to have asked, but it occurred to him that they might not like questions at this time. All of them seemed to be in states varying from excitement to anger.Seldon inspected his surroundings.He was standing on something that he thought might be dull metal from the sound it made when he surreptitiously thumped his foot down on it. It was not bare metal, however. When he byeed, he left footprints. The surface was clearly covered by dust or fine sand or cl ay. Well, why not? There could scarcely be anyone attack up here to dust the place. He bent down to pinch up some of the matter out of curiosity.Clowzia had come up to him. She noticed what he was doing and said, with the air of a housewife caught at an embarrassing negligence, We do sweep hereabouts for the sake of the instruments. Its much worse most places Upperside, but it really doesnt matter. It makes for insulation, you know.Seldon grunted and continued to look about. There was no chance of understanding the instruments that looked as though they were growing out of the thin modify (if one could call it that). He hadnt the faintest idea of what they were or what they measured.Leggen was travel toward him. He was picking up his feet and place them down gingerly and it occurred to Seldon that he was doing so to avoid jarring the instruments. He made a mental note to walk that way himself.You SeldonSeldon didnt quite like the tone of voice. He replied coolly, Yes, Dr. Leggen ?Well, Dr. Seldon, then. He said it impatiently. That little fellow Randa told me you are a mathematician.Thats right.A good one?Id like to think so, but its a hard thing to guarantee.And youre interested in intractable problems?Seldon said feelingly, Im stuck with one.Im stuck with another. Youre free to look about. If you have any questions, our intern, Clowzia, will help out. You might be able to help us.I would be delighted to, but I know nothing about meteorology.Thats all right, Seldon. I just want you to get a feel for this thing and then Id like to discuss my mathematics, such as it is.Im at your service.Leggen turned away, his long scowling face looking grim. Then he turned back. If you get cold-too cold-the elevator door is open. You just step in and touch the spot marked UNIVERSITY BASE. It will take you down and the elevator will then return to us automatically. Clowzia will show you-if you forget.I wont forget.This time he did leave and Seldon looked subsequently him, feeling the cold wind knife through his sweater. Clowzia came back over to him, her face slightly blushful by that wind.Seldon said, Dr. Leggen seems stiff. Or is that just his ordinary outlook on life?She giggled. He does look annoyed most of the time, but right now he really is.Seldon said very by nature, Why?Clowzia looked over her shoulder, her long hair swirling. Then she said, Im not supposed to know, but I do just the same. Dr. Leggen had it all figured out that today, just at this time, there was going to be a to-do in the clouds and hed been planning to make special measurements in sunlight. Only well, look at the weather.Seldon nodded.We have holovision receivers up here, so he knew it was cloudy worse than usual-and I guess he was hoping there would be something wrong with the instruments so that it would be their fault and not that of his theory. So far, though, they havent found anything out of the way.And thats why he looks so unhappy.Well, he never looks happy.Sel don looked about, squinting. contempt the clouds, the light was harsh. He became aware that the surface under his feet was not quite horizontal. He was standing on a shallow dome and as he looked outward there were other domes in all directions, with different widths and heights. Upperside seems to be irregular, he said.Mostly, I think. Thats the way it worked out.Any reason for it?Not really. The way Ive heard it explained-I looked around and asked, just as you did, you know-was that originally the people on Trantor domed in places, shopping malls, sports arenas, things like that, then whole towns, so that (here were lots of domes here and there, with different heights and different widths. When they all came together, it was all uneven, but by that time, people decided thats the way it ought to be.You mean that something quite inadvertent came to be viewed as a tradition?I suppose so-if you want to put it that way.(If something quite unintended can easily become viewed as a tra dition and be made unbreakable or nearly so, thought Seldon, would that be a law of psychohistory? It sounded trivial, but how many other laws, equally trivial, might there be? A million? A billion? Were there a relatively few general laws from which these trivial ones could be derived as corollaries? How could he say? For a while, lost in thought, he almost forgot the biting wind.)Clowzia was aware of that wind, however, for she shuddered and said, Its very nasty. Its much better under the dome.Are you a Trantorian? asked Seldon.Thats right.Seldon remembered Ranchs outlet of Trantorians as agoraphobic and said, Do you mind being up here?I hate it, said Clowzia, but I want my degree and my specialty and status and Dr. Leggen says I cant get it without some knit work. So here I am, hating it, especially when its so cold. When its this cold, by the way, you wouldnt dream that vegetation actually grows on these domes, would you?It does? He looked at Clowzia sharply, suspecting some s ort of practical joke designed to make him look foolish. She looked totally innocent, but how much of that was real and how much was just her baby face?Oh sure. Even here, when its warmer. You notice the begrime here? We keep it swept away because of our work, as I said, but in other places it accumulates here and there and is especially deep in the low places where the domes meet. Plants grow in it.But where does the turd come from?When the dome covered just part of the planet, the wind deposited priming coat on them, little by little. Then, when Trantor was all covered and the living levels were dug deeper and deeper, some of the material dug up, if suitable, would be spread over the top.Surely, it would break down the domes.Oh no. The domes are very strong and theyre supported almost eitherwhere. The idea was, according to a book-film I viewed, that they were going to grow crops Upperside, but it turned out to be much more practical to do it inside the dome. Yeast and algae c ould be directd within the domes too, taking the pressure off the usual crops, so it was decided to let Upperside go wild. There are animals on Upperside too-butterflies, bees, mice, rabbits. Lots of them.Wont the plant life roots damage the domes?In thousands of years they havent. The domes are treated so that they repel the roots. Most of the egress is grass, but there are trees too. Youd be able to see for yourself if this were the warm season or if we were farther south or if you were up in a spaceship. She looked at him with a sidewise flick of her eyes, Did you see Trantor when you were coming down from space?No, Clowzia, I must confess I didnt. The hypership was never well hardened for viewing. Have you ever seen Trantor from space?She smiled weakly. Ive never been in spare.Seldon looked about. Gray anywhere.I cant make myself believe it, he said. About vegetation Upperside, I mean.Its true, though. Ive heard people say-Otherworlders, like yourself, who did see Trantor f rom space-that the planet looks green, like a lawn, because its mostly grass and underbrush. There are trees too, actually. Theres a encounter not very far from here. Ive seen it. Theyre evergreens and theyre up to six meters high.Where?You cant see it from here. Its on the other side of a dome. Its-The call came out thinly. (Seldon realized they had been walking while they had been talking and had travel away from the immediate vicinity of the others.)Clowzia. Get back here. We need you.Clowzia said, Uh-oh. Coming.-Sorry, Dr. Seldon, I have to go.She ran off, managing to step lightly despite her lined boots. Had she been playing with him? Had she been filling the gullible foreigner with a mess of lies for amusements sake? Such things had been known to happen on every world and in every time. An air of transparent honesty was no guide either in fact, successful taletellers would deliberately cultivate just such an air.So could there really be six-meter trees Upperside? Without thin king much about it, he moved in the direction of the highest dome on the horizon. He swung his arms in an attempt to warm himself. And his feet were getting cold. Clowzia hadnt pointed. She might have, to give him a hint of the direction of the trees, but she didnt. Why didnt she? To be sure, she had been called away.The domes were wide rather than high, which was a good thing, since otherwise the going would have been considerably more difficult. On the other hand, the gentle grade meant trudging a distance before he could top a dome and look down the other side.Eventually, he could see the other side of the dome he had climbed. He looked back to make sure he could still see the meteorologists and their instruments. They were a good way off, in a distant valley, but he could see them clearly enough. Good.He saw no copse, no trees, but there was a depression that snaked about between two domes. Along each side of that crease, the soil was thicker and there were occasional green sme ars of what might be moss. If he followed the crease and if it got low enough and the soil was thick enough, there might be trees. He looked back, trying to fix landmarks in his mind, but there were just the rise and hit of domes. It made him hesitate and Dorss warning against his being lost, which had seemed a rather unneeded piece of advice then, made more sense now. Still, it seemed clear to him that the crease was a kind of road. If he followed it for some distance, he only had to turn about and follow it back to return to this spot.He strode off purposefully, following the rounded crease downward. There was a soft rumbling noise above, but he didnt give it any thought. He had made up his mind that he wanted to see trees and that was all that engaged him at the moment.The moss grew thicker and spread out like a carpet and here and there grassy tufts had sprung up. Despite the desolation Upperside, the moss was bright green and it occurred to Seldon that on a cloudy, overcast p lanet there was likely to be considerable rain.The crease continued to curve and there, just above another dome, was a dark smutch against the gray sky and he knew he had found the trees. Then, as though his mind, having been liberated by the push-down storage of those trees, could turn to other things, Seldon took note of the rumble he had heard before and had, without thinking, dismissed as the sound of machinery. Now he considered that possibility Was it, indeed, the sound of machinery? Why not? He was standing on one of the myriad domes that covered hundreds of millions of square kilometers of the world-city. There must be machinery of all kinds hidden under those domes-ventilation motors, for one thing. Maybe it could be heard, where and when all the other sounds of the world-city were absent. Except that it did not seem to come from the ground. He looked up at the dreary featureless sky. Nothing.He continued to scan the sky, vertical creases appearing between his eyes and th en, far off It was a small dark spot, showing up against the gray. And whatever it was it seemed to be travel about as though getting its bearings before it was obscured by the clouds again.Then, without knowing why, he thought, Theyre after me. And almost before he could work out a line of action, he had taken one. He ran urgently along the crease toward the trees and then, to reach them more quickly, he turned left and hurtled up and over a low dome, treading through brown and dying fernlike overgrowth, including thorny sprigs with bright red berries.24.Seldon panted, facing a tree, holding it closely, embracing it. He watched for the flying object to make its appearance again so that he could back about the tree and obscure on the far side, like a squirrel. The tree was cold, its peel was rough, it gave no comfort-but it offered cover. Of course, that might be insufficient, if he was being searched for with a heat-seeker, but, on the other hand, the cold consistency of a tree might blur even that.Below him was hard-packed soil. Even in this moment of hiding, of attempting to see his pursuer while remaining unseen, he could not help wondering how thick the soil might be, how long it had taken to accumulate, many domes in the warmer areas of Trantor carried forests on their back, and whether the trees were always confined to the creases between domes, leaving the higher regions to moss, grass, and underbrush.He saw it again. It was not a hypership, nor even an ordinary air-jet. It was a jet-down. He could see the faint glow of the ion trails corning out at the vertices of a hexagon, neutralizing the gravitational pull and allowing the wings to keep it aloft like a large soaring bird. It was a vehicle that could hover and explore a terrene terrain.It was only the clouds than had saved him. Even if they were using heat-seekers, that would only indicate there were people below. The jet-down would have to make a tentative dive below the banked ceiling before it could hope to know how many human beings there were and whether any of them might be the particular person the patties aboard were seeking.The jet-down was closer now, but it couldnt hide from him either. The rumble of the engine gave it away and they couldnt rum that off, not as long as they wished to continue their search. Seldon knew the jet-downs, for on Helicon or on any undomed world with skies that cleared now and then, they were common, with many in private hands.Of what possible use would jet-downs be on Trantor, with all the human life of the world under domes, with low cloud ceilings all but perpetual-except for a few government vehicles designed for just this purpose, that of picking up a wanted person who had been lured above the domes? Why not? Government forces could nor enter the grounds of the University, but perhaps Seldon was no longer on the grounds. He was on top of the domes which might be foreign the jurisdiction of any local government. An Imperial vehi cle might have every right to land on any part of the dome and question or remove any person found upon it. Hummin had not warned him of this, but perhaps he had merely not thought of doing so.The jet-down was even closer now, nosing about like a blind beast sniffing out its prey. Would it occur to them to search this group of trees? Would they land and trip out out an armed soldier or two to beat through the copse? And if so, what could he do? He was unarmed and all his quicktwist agility would be useless against the agonizing pain of a nervous whip. It was not attempting to land. Either they missed the significance of the trees Or-A new thought suddenly hit him. What if this wasnt a pursuit vessel at all? What if it was part of the meteoric testing? Surely, meteorologists would want to test the hurrying reaches of the atmosphere. Was he a fool to hide from it?The sky was getting darker. The clouds were getting thicker or, much more likely, night was falling.And it was getting colder and would get colder still. Was he going to stay out here freezing because a absolutely harmless jet-down had made an appearance and had activated a sense of paranoia that he had never felt before? He had a strong impulse to leave the copse and get back to the meteorological station. after(prenominal) all, how would the man Hummin feared so much-Demerzel-know that Seldon would, at this particular time, be Upperside and ready to be taken? For a moment, that seemed determinate and, shivering with the cold, he moved out from behind the tree.And then he scurried back as the vessel reappeared even closer than before. He hadnt seen it do anything that would seem to be meteorological. It did nothing that might be considered sampling, measuring, or testing. Would he see such things if they took place? He did not know the precise sort of instruments the jet-down carried or how they worked. If they were doing meteorological work, he might not be able to tell.-Still, could he take th e chance of coming into the open? later all, what if Demerzel did know of his presence Upperside, simply because an instrument of his, working in the University, knew about it and had describe the matter. Lisung Randa, that cheerful, smiling little Easterner, had suggested he go Upperside. He had suggested it quite forcefully and the subject had not arisen naturally out of the conversation at least, not naturally enough. Was it possible that he was a government agent and had alerted Demerzel somehow? Then there was Leggen, who had given him the sweater. The sweater was useful, but why hadnt Leggen told him he would need one earlier so he could get his own? Was there something special about the one he was wearing? It was uniformly purple, while all the others indulged in the Trantorian fashion of bright patterns. Anyone looking down from a height would see a contemptible dull blotch in among others that were bright and know at a time whom they wanted. And Clowzia? She was suppose dly Upperside to learn meteorology and help the meteorologists. How was it possible that she could come to him, talk to him at ease, and quietly walk him away from the others and isolate him so that he could easily be picked up?For that matter, what about Dors Venabili? She knew he was going Upperside. She did not stop it. She might have gone with him, but she was conveniently busy. It was a conspiracy. Surely, it was a conspiracy. He had convinced himself now and there was no further thought of getting out from the shelter of the trees. (His feet felt like lumps of ice and stamping them against the ground seemed to do no good.) Would the jet-down never leave? And even as he thought that, the pitch of the engines rumble heightened and the jet-down rose into the clouds and faded away.Seldon listened eagerly, alert to the smallest sound, making sure it was finally gone. And then, even after he was sure it was gone, he wondered if that was just a device to flush him out of hiding. He r emained where he was while the minutes slowly crawled on and night continued to fall. And finally, when he felt that the true alternative to taking the chance of coming out in the open was that of freezing into insensibility, he stepped out and moved cautiously beyond the shelter of the trees. It was dusky twilight, after all. They couldnt detect him except by a heat-seeker, but, if so, he would hear the jet-down return. He waited just beyond the trees, counting to himself, ready to hide in the copse again at the smallest sound-though what good that would do him once he was spotted, he couldnt imagine.Seldon looked about. If he could find the meteorologists, they would surely have artificial light, but except for that, there would be nothing. He could still just make out his surroundings, but in a matter of a quarter of an hour, half an hour at the outside, he would not. With no lights and a cloudy sky above, it would be dark-completely dark.Desperate at the prospect of being envel oped in total darkness, Seldon realized that he would have to find his way back to the crease that had brought him there as quickly as possible and retrace his steps. Folding his arms tightly around himself for warmth, he set off in what he thought was the direction of the crease between the domes.There might, of course, be more than one crease leading away from the copse, but he dimly made out some of the sprigs of berries he had seen coming in, which now looked almost black rather than bright red. He could not delay. He had to assume he was right. He moved up the crease as fast as he might, guided by failing sight and by the vegetation underfoot.But he couldnt stay in the crease forever. He had come over what had seemed to him to be the tallest dome in sight and had found a crease that cut at right angles across his line of approach. By his reckoning, he should now turn right, then sharp left, and that would put him on the path toward the meteorologists dome.Seldon made the left t urn and, lifting his head, he could just make out the curve of a dome against the fractionally lighter sky. That had to be it Or was that only wishful thinking?He had no choice but to assume it wasnt. Keeping his eye on the peak so that he could move in a reasonably straight line, he headed for it as quickly as he could. As he got closer, he could make out the line of dome against sky with less and less certainty as it loomed larger and larger. Soon, if he was correct, he would be going up a gentle slope and when that slope became level he would be able to look down the other side and see the lights of the meteorologists. In the inky dark, he could not tell what lay in his path. Wishing there were at least a few sorts to shed some light, he wondered if this was how it felt to be blind. He waved his arms before him as if they were antennae. It was growing colder by the minute and he paused occasionally to blow on his hands and hold them under his armpits. He wished earnestly he could do the same for his feet. By now, he thought, if it started to precipitate, it would be snow-or, worse yet, sleet.On on. There was nothing else to do.Eventually, it seemed to him that he was touching downward. That was either wishful thinking or he had topped the dome.He stopped. If he had topped the dome, he should be able to see the artificial light of the meteorological station. He would see the lights carried by the meteorologists themselves, spark or dancing like fireflies. Seldon closed his eyes as though to accustom them to dark and then try again, but that was a foolish effort. It was no darker with his eyes closed than with them open and when he unresolved them it was no lighter than when he had had them closed.Possibly Leggen and the others were gone, had taken their lights with them and had turned off any lights on the instruments. Or possibly Seldon had climbed the wrong dome. Or he had followed a curved path along the dome so that he was now facing in the wrong dire ction. Or he had followed the wrong crease and had moved away from the copse in the wrong direction altogether. What should he do?If he was facing the wrong direction, there was a chance that light would be visible right or left-and it wasnt. If he had followed the wrong crease, there was no possible way he could return to the copse and locate a different crease. His only chance lay in the assumption that he was facing the right direction and that the meteorological station was more or less directly ahead of him, but that the meteorologists had gone and had left it in darkness. Move forward, then. The chances of success might be small, but it was the only chance he had.He estimated that it had taken him half an hour to move from the meteorological station to the top of the dome, having gone partway with Clowzia and sauntering with her rather than striding. He was moving at little better than a saunter now in the daunting darkness.Seldon continued to plod forward. It would have been nice to know the time and he had a timeband, of course, but in the dark. He stopped. He wore a Trantorian timeband, which gave Galactic Standard time (as all timebands did) and which also gave Trantorian local time. Timebands were usually visible in the dark, phosphorescing so that one could tell time in the quiet dark of a bedchamber. A Heliconian timeband sure enough would why not a Trantorian one?He looked at his timeband with reluctant apprehension and touched the concern that would draw upon the power source for light. The timeband gleamed feebly and told him the time was 1847. For it to be nighttime already, Seldon knew that it must be the winter season.-How far past the solstice was it? What was the degree of axial tipping? How long was the year? How far from the equator was he at this moment? There was no hint of an answer to any of these things, but what counted was that the spark of light was visible. He was not blind Somehow the feeble glow of his timeband gave him ren ewed hope.His spirits rose. He would move on in the direction he was going. He would move for half an hour. If he encountered nothing, he would move on five minutes more-no further-just five minutes. If he still encountered nothing, he would stop and think. That, however, would be thirty-five minutes from now. money box then, he would concentrate only on walking and on willing himself to feel warmer (He wiggled his toes, vigorously. He could still feel them.) Seldon trudged onward and the half hour passed. He paused, then hesitantly, he moved on for five more minutes.Now he had to decide. There was nothing. He might be nowhere, far outside from any opening into the dome. He might, on the other hand, be standing three meters to the left-or right-or short-of the meteorological station. He might be two arms lengths from the opening into the dome, which would not, however, be open.Now what?Was there any point in shouting? He was enveloped by utter silence but for the whistling of the wind. If there were birds, beasts, or insects in among the vegetation on the domes, they were not here during this season or at this time of night or at this particular place. The wind continued to chill him. Perhaps he should have been shouting all due way. The sound might have carried a good distance in the cold air. But would there have been anyone to hear him? Would they hear him inside the dome? Were there instruments to detect sound or movement from above? Might there not be sentinels just inside? That seemed ridiculous. They would have heard his footsteps, wouldnt they?Still-He called out. Help Help Can someone hear me? His cry was strangled, half-embarrassed. It seemed silly shouting into vast black nothingness.But then, he felt it was even sillier to hesitate in such a situation as this. Panic was welling up in him. He took in a deep, cold breath and screamed for as long as he could. Another breath and another scream, changing pitch. And another.Seldon paused, breathless, t urning his head every which way, even though there was nothing to see. He could not even detect an echo. There was nothing left to do but wait for the dawn. But how long was the night at this season of the year? And how cold would it get?He felt a tiny cold touch sting his face. After a while, another. It was sleeting invisibly in the pitch blackness. And there was no way to find shelter.He thought It would have been better if that jet-down had seen me and picked me up. I would be a prisoner at this moment, perhaps, but Id be warm and comfortable, at least.Or, if Hummin had never interfered, I might have been back in Helicon long ago. down the stairs surveillance, but warm and comfortable. Right now that was all he wanted-to be warm and comfortable.But at the moment he could only wait. He huddled down, knowing that however long the night, he dared not stop. He slipped off his shoes and rubbed his icy feet. Quickly, he put his shoes back on.He knew he would have to repeat this, as well as rubbing his hands and ears all night long to keep his circulation flowing. But most important to remember was that he must not let himself fall asleep. That would mean certain death. And, having carefully thought all this out, his eyes closed and he nodded off to sleep with the sleet coming down.

Descrimination of Women Essay

Have you ever thought why flock are antithetic from each other? in that respect are many differences such as intelligence, opinions, appearances, personalities and genders. Genders signify the differences and also similarities betwixt men and women. Equality of women and men has been disputed for many years. Some people conceive that this kind of equality is impossible because of their physical properties while others say the exact opposite. But no matter what they say, two sexes differ from each other greatly in some respect. In the past years, men used to be considered superior, so men were more important and valuable in the society than women.The stories Desirees baby and Trespass are managemented the racism and discrimination by men on women. There we can see the twain(prenominal) male demonism and racism which are very extremely bother womens feelings. The both stories Desirees Baby and Trespass shows the relationship between men and women in different ways. Desiree s Baby is the unfortunate story of a young woman who falls victim to both social and racial inequality by a man. The story is going around a conserve and a wife. There is a clear undertone to the relationship between them.Both authors works focus on the choices and pressures that both of the main characters endure throughout the stories. Both females were powerless against their male society. The author Chopin takes a deep watch into the personal thoughts and desires of her characters, especially married woman Desiree in the Desirees Baby. socialise into thinking that African ancestry, the brand of slavery, is abominable, Armand suddenly hates his wife Desiree and the baby because of their tragic flaw, their African blood, which dramatically destroys his quality as husband and father.When ones racist nature eradicates unexpectedly the role of loving and sympathize with for his or her relatives, the family system collapses miserably, thereby tracing a sense of seamless dis may, distress, and despair. On the other hand, the girl, Carla approach different problems in different ways by some boys and the society in Trespass. Carla struggles with the greasy qualities of lecture throughout this story. She struggles to understand the language style and struggles to describe to the police the relatively simple image of a man masturbating. Although she sees the image intensely in her head, she acks the tools to put it into communicable form, in either English or Spanish.The sexual content of the experience is no less an obstacle than her poor English. She realizes she has no word for privates in any language, although the policemen are able to draw her euphemistic substitutions easily enough. Her effort reveals the massive outperform that a personal experience must cross in order to be comprehended by others, a fact we often take for granted, and which the policemen do not seem to sympathize with. In Desirees Baby, Desiree is asked to take her child and leave her husband Armand.Armand no longer loves his wife, because their son is not white. As Desiree explains the attitude to her mother in a letter, she is lost and confused. My mother, they tell me I am not white. Armand told me I am not white (Chopin 6). Without Desiree knowing, it is Armand who is the cause of her son being black. Desirees character is strong, but very unlearned as to her family history. When Armand blames her for making the child not fully white, she has no rebuttal for she knows not where or who she came from. Desiree is a gentle and caring young woman for has a lot of heart and love for her family and friends.It is very wistful that Desiree will never know the truth about why her child is mixed. If we take a look at the Trespass, the defining quality of the policemen is their indifference to her difficulties putting the image into course. Carla compares the policemens faces to images in a depiction she is watching. The figure of speech suggests that the true d rama is occurring in Carlas mind as she confronts the imperfect twain that language throws over the terrifying gulf between individuals. When the boys on the playground use ugly words to describe her new body, she feels almost as if they have the power of spells to create the body itself.Their language may not be literally magical, but it has the power of metaphor it effs to define her body for her, rather than allowing her to come to her own private understanding of her sexual being. The discrimination and sexuality are equally incomprehensible, hostile, and inescapable for Desiree and Carla. The both stories mainly focused on the mentality of the two females who were struggled due to the inequality. Over the past years both gender had the big gap to understand each other it is due to the concept of the racism and discrimination. however the relationship between men and women has been changing since the world has developed. Social differences are the most studied characteristics between men and women. Both have unlike social distinctions. Women have more interaction than men among members of a group. Also, women develop more friendships than men. Men and women have peer pressure differences. For example, Men are disposed to follow their friends behavior, and more prejudice about what the group thinks about them than women. Men and women have adaptability differences.

Why Women Should Not Be Assigned to Combat Positions

Throughout history, women have behaveed a fibre in the defense of their nations. In 1429, Joan of Arc successfully led the French Army into battle against the incline at age 17. In 1588, Queen Elizabeth I traveled to Tilbury, Essex to fight beside her Army during the Spanish raid. And in 1788 at the Battle of Monmouth, Mary Ludwig Hayes, also known as Molly Pitcher, took over her preserves ceasenon position and continued to engage the enemy after he had f altogetheren in battle.While these be extraordinary accomplishments made by these most admirable women, should this level of close charge be expected, or possibly even required of women in the military? Many will lay out that the ban on women in fight is a discrimination issue, and that it creates a structural barrier that advise hurt their chances of promotion or advancement. The Defense Department Advisory Committee on Women in the run actually found that women serving in flake in Iraq and Afghanistan have had a positiv e impaction on mission accomplishment.But these women were not charge to an actual combat position in a unit that has a primary mission of direct ground combat engagement of the enemy. They were either assigned to a combat support unit that was engaged by the enemy, or they were attached to the combat gird unit. at that place is a vast difference, and this essay will explore why placing women in direct combat roles in the military would have a negative impact on combat readiness. All potent units in the field experience bonding that enhances readiness and cohesion.When women be introduced, men stop relating to each otherwise and begin trying to attract the women. This identifys them in direct arguing with each other and becomes a abominable distraction from the mission at hand. Morale hatfulnot be maintained if accusations of harassment are a threat, and Com homosexualders are unable to keep the males focuse on the mission when they are at war with each other over a fema le unit member. Helen of Sparta was perhaps the most inspired character in all literature, ancient or modern. A whole war, one which lasted for ten years, was fought over her (Bell, 1991, p. ).King David of Israel ordered Uriah the Hittite into battle to fight in order to commit adultery with Uriahs wife in his absence. He would even wage war against other nation in order to eliminate any competition for his women. But a relationship with a supervisor or a co-worker is detrimental to teamwork and blondness in the workplace. A lack of trust or possible resentment toward another soldier can possibly result in poor judgment in the heat of battle when someone decides they are mad at the man that got the girl.Disrespect among the ranks, mistreatment of fellow unit members, and destruction of professional reputations will certainly affect the career progression of everyone involved. And what happens to the effectiveness of the unit when a female combat soldier gets great(predicate)? Na val ships at war must return to shore because of the pregnancy of female sailors, thus prevent the combat mission. Infantry units must evacuate the female soldier out of the war zone and designate her to a support position back in the States. The disruption to combat readiness is extreme and can be costly. Chivalry is not dead.The basic, instinctual constitution of males is to protect females. This is full-strength of any species of animal. Parents raise their sons to protect women, and to discipline their safety because they are less equal of protecting themselves. While this whitethorn not be true of all women, it is certainly true of all men. In the New York Times article, Female POW is Abused, rubor Debate, by Ellaine Sciolino, Army Major Rhonda Cornum was interviewed regarding her captivity during the Persian Gulf War. She said Everyones made such a big deal about this indecent assault, she said, in her first interview since the war. But the only thing that makes it ind ecent is that it was nonconsensual. I asked myself, Is it going to prevent me from getting out of here? Is there a risk of death attached to it? Is it permanently disabling? Is it permanently disfiguring? Lastly, is it excruciating? If it doesnt fit one of those five categories, because it isnt important. But the male soldier that was with her had a different opinion.The 22-year-old specialist from Fort Rucker whom Iraqis slapped and beat during interrogations said he had not changed his opinion that omen should not be in combat, despite what he described as Major Cornums stoicism. I worried about her all the time, he said, and being a P. O. W. and going by dint of the torture, the pain, you shouldnt also have to worry about whats happening to the female soldier all the time. While the women may be able to endure such atrocities that come with war, the men are not psychologically disposed(p) to deal with listening to the screams of their women being raped, sodomized, and tortu red by the enemy. Then there is the moral question pot women in combat units.The question isnt necessarily whether a woman can do it, just whether she should do it. Assigning them into these positions would require training men and women to regard the brutalization of women, and a womans brutalization of others, as normal and acceptable (Kirkwood, 2003, p. 1). According to Vietnam War hero Ron Ray, Women should only be used in combat if national security depends on it. This means that all of our men have been killed or captured, and the only possibility of survival is left with the women and children.Even then it should be a last resort. There is something unsavory in the mouths of society in turning a woman into the kind of person that is capable of performing such heinous actions that are required in close ground combat against another human being, while being expected to nurture our children once she returns from such brutal actions. Women by nature are the nurturing gender. W hat will this do to our society of civilized humans if we turn our women into barbaric warriors? Women certainly play a significant role in todays armed forces.On a venerable scale they have been instrumental in improving the readiness of their organizations, better enabling them to perform on the asymmetrical battlefield. But placing them into close ground combat positions will not improve the readiness or performance of the armed forces. The presence of women in combat units creates sexual tension that eventually puts one man against another in direct competition for her, thus affecting morale and cohesion. As prisoners of war, women will put their male counterparts at risk because a mans instinct is to protect the woman kind of than complete his mission and overcome the enemy.As a civilized society, it is morally wrong to place a woman into a position where she could be brutalized, or where she would have to brutalize another. They simply are not emotionally or psychologically equipped to do that, and nor should they be. But in the quest for equality of the sexes, placing women in combat units isnt the answer. It should still remain more important to maintain military tradition and combat effectiveness than it is for social experimentation.